For anyone who has built a BirdNET-Pi (or has plans … see my post), this IS an extremely important post. I have built, configured and deployed many BirdNET-Pi’s for friends and nature centers in northeastern Minnesota. Given both my experiences with those birdsong listening devices and significant online research, I have BirdNET-Pi settings which I believe are optimal. Those settings are explained in this post along with annotated screenshots. The settings covered in this post are in the same order as those settings appear in BirdNET-Pi command structure: (settings not covered in this post use the Pi defaults)
You need to enter the default user name and password to enter the settings BirdNET-Pi menu options.
Basic Settings
- Model: Species Occurrence Frequency Threshold
- Location
- BirdWeather
- Notifications
- Time and Date
Advanced Settings
- Disk Management
- Audio Settings
- Options
- BirdNET-Lite Settings
Annotated Settings Screenshots & Recommended Entries
Basic Settings Screenshot #1
- Species Occurrence Frequency Threshold: Set to <.001> or your Pi device will never pick up owls. The default number does not tend to record rarer species unless you make this change.
- Enter and insure your <GPS coordinates> are correct. Get from Google Maps and confirm. Your Pi unit makes ID’s based upon geographic regions indicated by your GPS location.
- If you want to have your BirdNET-Pi appear on Birdweather, you need to create a free account and get a <BirdWeather Token> for every Pi which you register.
Basic Settings Screenshot #2
- There are no text based notifications for BirdNET-Pi devices, but you may configure email notifications via the Apprise Service. These notifications can be tricky to set up and are based upon Apprise. Learn more about Apprise via their knowledge wiki.
- I change the notification title to words that make sense to me, and my device.
- Select the notifications you desire. Choosing every new detection is NOT a good idea. Your email account will be overwhelemed.
Basic Settings Screenshot #3
- Unless you have a paid Flickr account, use Wikipedia images for <Bird Photo Source>.
- Make certain your time and date is correct. It will get used for your identifications. BirdNET-Pi does not have an on board clock. Without a network connection you will not record correct time and date information.
Advanced Settings Screenshot #1
- I like to set Disk Management to 80% full. As your PI unit makes birdsong recordings the SD card will fill up with audio files. While a person could set a purge to occur wen the disk is closer to 100% full, you risk having “swap files” which are utilized during the purge becoming corrupt due to lack of storage space.
- I like to set the number of audio files kept per species at <10>. No number is right, or wrong but given the variations of bird calls I have selected this number. Pi keeps the top number of files requested based upon confidence level.
Advanced Settings Screenshot #2
- If you wish to have your audio files uploaded to BirdWeather, you MUST select <flac> audio files (BirdWeather requirement because of storage limitations). You may NOT use MP3 files (you may easily convert at a later time).
- I also like the extract to be 18 seconds in total duration (personal preference). Cornell’s underlying database, BirdNET, will only evaluate in 3 second chunks. I like a longer data file that I may use when listening to sound files. Note their recommendation for multiples of <3>. Other multiples cause problems.
Advanced Settings Screenshot #3
- The volunteer developers post frequent updates and bug fixes to the BirdNET-Pi software. Make certain you configure <automatic update>
- BirdNET-Lite Settings dictate both the confidence level required for a bird to be recorded as a given species, and how the actual sound file will be utilized. The default <overlap> is zero, but I like to set a 1/2 second overlap. This means for a given data file of 18 seconds, the BirdNET-Pi software first evaluates the first 3 seconds, then moves back 1/2 second and starts a new evaluation from that point (2.5 seconds) … and so forth till the entire sound file is analyzed … thus the overlap term. Given birds do not sing in tandem with your devices “3 second chunks”, an overlap results in a potentially more correct match. Files (birdsongs) are less likely to be clipped off.
- I have also increased the required confidence level to 75%. The default is 70″ for both Merlin and Cornell’s BirdNET (used by BirdNET-Pi). I like the higher confidence level which helps limit frequent “false positives”.
End of Blog Post
